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Y needs Z translates to:

If Y --->Z
If Z ---> Y
If Z --> ~Y
If ~Z --> Y

The correct answer is: If Y --->Z

"When we say 'Y needs Z,' it implies that Z is a requirement or a necessary condition for Y to occur. In formal logic notation, this relationship can be represented as 'If Y, then Z' or 'Y ---> Z.' This means that the presence of Y guarantees the presence of Z. Therefore, the correct translation of 'Y needs Z' is 'If Y ---> Z.' Option B, 'If Z ---> Y,' does not accurately reflect the original statement. The original statement states that Z is needed for Y, not the other way around. Option C, 'If Z --> ~Y,' introduces a negation (~Y) that was not present in the original statement. It changes the meaning of the relationship between Y and Z. Option D, 'If ~Z --> Y,' switches the elements and introduces a negation that was not part of the original statement. This option incorrectly states that if Z is not present, then Y is present, which is not the intended meaning of 'Y needs Z.'"