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If an author uses words like "However" or "Even So" in a passage, what function do those words serve?

Illustration
Logic and Evidence
Contrast
Emphasis

The correct answer is: Contrast

Words like "However" or "Even So" in a passage serve the function of indicating contrast. These words are used to show a shift in direction or to introduce a conflicting idea to what has been previously stated. In this context, they signal to the reader that there is a contrasting or opposing point that will be made in the following sentences. Option A - Illustration: This is not correct as words like "However" or "Even So" do not serve the function of providing examples or illustrations. Option B - Logic and Evidence: While these transition words can sometimes be used to reinforce a logical argument, their primary function in this case is to signal a contrast rather than providing logic and evidence. Option D - Emphasis: While transition words can sometimes be used to emphasize a point, in this case, the main function of words like "However" or "Even So" is to highlight a contrast rather than putting emphasis on a specific point.